
Medical advancements have made surgical procedures safer and more efficient, improving the lives of countless patients worldwide. While some surgeries are minimally invasive, others are more complex, addressing significant health conditions. Certain major surgeries stand out due to their frequency and importance in treating specific conditions that general surgeons perform. Here are five major surgeries and the procedures involved:
Major Surgeries
General surgeons are highly skilled professionals trained to perform various surgical procedures, often focusing on the abdominal area, skin, soft tissues, and some endocrine organs. They play a significant role in diagnosing and treating conditions that require surgical intervention. With their expertise, they perform life-enhancing surgeries to address various health issues, helping patients achieve a better quality of life. The following outlines the top five major surgical procedures, what they address, and how they are performed:
1. Breast Surgery
Breast surgery is commonly performed to address breast cancer, remove benign lumps, or reduce breast size in cases of severe discomfort. Depending on the condition, procedures may range from a lumpectomy (removal of a lump) to a full mastectomy (removal of breast tissue). Reconstruction may follow, involving implants or using tissue from other parts of the body. Some symptoms to be aware of include pain, changes in breast texture, abnormal growths, or concerns uncovered through mammograms or other imaging techniques.
2. Colon Surgery
Colon surgery, or colectomy, focuses on treating colon diseases, such as cancer or inflammatory conditions, like:
- Colonic bleeding
- Crohn’s disease
- Diverticulitis
- Rectal prolapse
- Ulcerative colitis
The surgeon removes the affected portion of the colon and reconnects the healthy parts. Minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques are increasingly used, promoting faster recovery times. Persistent abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, or unexplained weight loss are common symptoms that may lead to colon surgery.
3. Gallbladder Surgery
Gallbladder surgery, also known as a cholecystectomy, is often performed to resolve conditions related to gallstones or infections. Problems such as gallbladder inflammation or bile duct obstruction can necessitate this procedure, too. The most common approach for surgery is a minimally invasive laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The surgeon removes the gallbladder through small incisions, which leads to reduced pain and quicker recovery for the patient. Severe upper right abdominal pain, nausea, jaundice, or fever often signal gallbladder issues.
4. Gastrointestinal Surgery
Gastrointestinal (GI) surgery focuses on the digestive tract, often targeting the stomach, intestines, and esophagus. This includes hernias, ulcers, cancers, Crohn’s disease, and bowel obstructions. The type of surgery depends on the condition. Surgeons can repair hernias, remove a damaged section of the bowel, or excise tumors while sometimes employing minimally invasive techniques. Symptoms such as chronic abdominal pain, recurring reflux, or persistent nausea may require GI surgery.
5. Hernia Surgery
Hernias occur when organs push through weak muscle tissue, and surgery is often necessary for repair. Inguinal, umbilical, femoral, and ventral hernias are the primary focus of this surgery. Hernia repair surgeries typically involve repositioning the organ and reinforcing the weak area with mesh. Many of these surgeries can now be performed using laparoscopic methods, which minimize recovery time. Bulging in the abdomen or groin, pain when lifting, and burning sensations are common indicators that a hernia may be causing discomfort.
Also Read: What to Expect Before and After Your Hernia Repair Procedure?
What General Surgeons Can Do for You?
General surgeons perform diverse procedures that address serious health conditions. They play a key role in enhancing patients ‘ health, from treating common issues like hernias to performing complex cancer-related surgeries. If you’re experiencing persistent symptoms or have been advised to explore surgery as a treatment option, a consultation with a general surgeon could provide clarity and guidance.